This lecture will trace the fascinating and at times bizarre nomenclature history of jade and jade-like gem materials from early times to the present. Because of historical mistakes, the Chinese gemological community is today replacing jadeite with fei cui (pronounced ‘fay choy’; the traditional Chinese term for pyroxene jade). Richard Hughes will also introduce the audience to the magnificence of China’s modern jade and stone carving culture, of which most of the outside world is completely unaware.