Chinese-language translation of Lotus Gemology's ruby and sapphire color types.

บทคัดย่อเรื่องการจำแนกสีทับทิมและแซฟไฟร์ ที่ใช้ในโลตัสเจมโมโลจี

A discussion of the literature of ruby and sapphire (corundum), with particular emphasis on the most collectible books covering ruby and sapphire around the world.

The story of Richard Hughes' four-decade adventure with jade, from Burma's jadeite mines to China's classic mutton-fat nephrite deposit at Hetian, Xinjiang Province. The work of China's modern jade carving masters is also discussed.

A large black star sapphire was brought in for testing. Two large pits on the base were carefully filled with brown dopping varnish. After removal of the varnish with alcohol, it was found that a large portion of the base had been filled with a lead glass.

Lotus Gemology's gemologists have lectured extensively about a wide variety of gemological topics including ruby, sapphire, jade, and more.

The history of the Lao sapphire mines at Ban Huay Xai is detailed, along with modern mining by Hong Kong based Sino Resources Mining Corp. Ltd. from 2006–2012.

A Burmese sapphire shows a celestial scene both externally and internally.

An included calcite crystal within an unheated Burmese ruby displays dramatic twinning planes.

Surface-reaching growth tubes in a sapphire provide insight into the gem’s origin and treatment history.