Spinel Inclusions
Explore spinel inclusions in Hyperion, the Lotus Gemology inclusion database. Hyperion contains photomicrographs of inclusions and internal features in natural spinel, documented with information on geographic origin, treatment, lighting conditions, field of view, photographer and published references.
This conchoidal fracture on the surface of a red spinel reveals the underlying atomic symmetry.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
Fissure Filling with colorless Oil/resin (FF-O1); No indications of heating (No indications of heating) •
Lighting Conditions:
Light Field + Shadowing
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-4451-1
Fine needles and exsolved particles seem to sparkle in this spinel from Sri Lanka.
Natural Spinel •
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3846-2
Fine needles and exsolved particles seem to sparkle in this spinel from Sri Lanka.
Natural Spinel •
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3846-1
Elongated, flat needles can be seen in this Mahenge spinel.
Natural Spinel •
Tanzania; Mahenge •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Diffuse Oblique
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3856-2
Both long needles and fine exsolved particles can be spotted in this Mahenge spinel.
Natural Spinel •
Tanzania; Mahenge •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Oblique
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3856-1
Fine needles shine bright in this Mahenge spinel when illuminated with diffuse fiber optic light.
Natural Spinel •
Tanzania; Mahenge •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Diffuse Oblique
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3848-1
Small dust-like particles a scattered throughout the interior of this Mahenge spinel.
Natural Spinel •
Tanzania; Mahenge •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Diffuse Oblique
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3849-1
A crystal lifts off within this spinel from the classic Kuh-i-Lal locality in Tajikistan. Most of the world’s most famous spinels are believed to have been mined at Kuh-i-Lal.
Natural Spinel •
Tajikistan; Kuh-i-Lal •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Oblique
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-4214-1
A cluster of transparent crystals, likely apatite, displays clear etch marks inside its spinel host.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Dark Field + Shadowing
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
R-002-3542-3
A transparent, birefringent crystal displays a technicolor bull’s eye pattern when viewed in crossed polars.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Dark Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
R-002-3542-2
A transparent, birefringent crystal displays a technicolor bull’s eye pattern when viewed in crossed polars.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Dark Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
R-002-3542-1
A transparent crystal glows with a clear polysynthetic twinning pattern inside its spinel host.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Dark Field + Shadowing
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-002-3323-1
Spinel inclusions may include mineral crystals, healed fissures, fluid inclusions, negative crystals, growth features and other internal features formed during or after crystal growth. Such features are important to gemologists because they can provide evidence useful in identifying spinel, understanding its geological history, recognizing treatment and, in some cases, determining geographic origin.
Spinel Inclusion Photomicrographs
The Hyperion spinel gallery includes microscopic features found in spinels from major deposits around the world. Each entry is accompanied by descriptive information and, where available, references to the gemological literature.
What Inclusions Can Reveal About Spinel
Inclusions are an important part of spinel identification. Their form, composition and alteration can help gemologists distinguish natural spinel from synthetic material, recognize evidence of treatment, and study the geological environment in which the spinel formed.
Hyperion combines inclusion photomicrography with supporting gemological information so that individual features can be compared with documented examples from known spinel deposits.
About Hyperion
Hyperion is the Lotus Gemology searchable inclusion database. It allows users to browse gemstone inclusions by gem type, geographic origin, treatment and keyword.
