Spinel Inclusions
Explore spinel inclusions in Hyperion, the Lotus Gemology inclusion database. Hyperion contains photomicrographs of inclusions and internal features in natural spinel, documented with information on geographic origin, treatment, lighting conditions, field of view, photographer and published references.
Unusual flat fingerprint in a red spinel.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Oblique
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-3310-2
Unusual flat fingerprint in a red spinel.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Dark Field
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-3310-1
These transparent birefringent crystals stand out in strong relief when viewed between crossed polars in this spinel from Vietnam’s Luc Yen district.
Natural Spinel •
Vietnam •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-3220-1
A plane of tiny negative crystals filled with a birefringent substance graces the interior of this red spinel from Tanzania’s Mahenge region.
Natural Spinel •
Tanzania; Mahenge •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field + Parallel Polars
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-3149-2
A plane of tiny negative crystals filled with a birefringent substance graces the interior of this red spinel from Tanzania’s Mahenge region.
Natural Spinel •
Tanzania; Mahenge •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-3149-1
Octahedron crystal with a small tension fissure surrounding it in a spinel from Mogok, Burma. Such octahedra are a common internal feature in spinel.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Dark Field + Oblique Fiber Optic
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-2922-1
Stellate (star-like) dislocations with tiny crystals decorate the interior of this violet spinel from Vietnam’s Luc Yen district. These may sometimes alter to högbomite.
Natural Spinel •
Vietnam •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Diffuse Oblique
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-2877-2
Stellate (star-like) dislocations with tiny crystals decorate the interior of this violet spinel from Vietnam’s Luc Yen district. These may sometimes alter to högbomite.
Natural Spinel •
Vietnam •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Fiber Optic: Diffuse Oblique
Photographer:
E. Billie Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-2877-1
Like winged insects, zircon crystals with halos hover inside a blue spinel from Sri Lanka. Crossed polars.
Natural Spinel •
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-2824-1
Hughes, R.W. (1997) Ruby & Sapphire. Boulder, CO, RWH Publishing, 512 pp.; RWHL*.
Transparent birefringent crystals in spinel with "belly button" spots under crossed polars.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
•
Image Number:
A-001-1524-3
A sulfur-rich fluid inclusion after cutting down to expose it at the surface reveals that the orange material is a fluid that has leaked out, revealing to to most likely be a hydrocarbon like petroleum oil.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field (Transmitted Light)
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
R-001-2676-2
Plane of transparent birefringent crystals (possibly calcite) in a spinel from Myanmar’s Mogok Stone Tract.
Natural Spinel •
Myanmar (Burma); Mogok/Namya •
Enhancements:
None Detected (None) •
Lighting Conditions:
Diffuse Light Field + Crossed Polars
Photographer:
Richard W. Hughes •
Image Number:
A-001-2623-1
Spinel inclusions may include mineral crystals, healed fissures, fluid inclusions, negative crystals, growth features and other internal features formed during or after crystal growth. Such features are important to gemologists because they can provide evidence useful in identifying spinel, understanding its geological history, recognizing treatment and, in some cases, determining geographic origin.
Spinel Inclusion Photomicrographs
The Hyperion spinel gallery includes microscopic features found in spinels from major deposits around the world. Each entry is accompanied by descriptive information and, where available, references to the gemological literature.
What Inclusions Can Reveal About Spinel
Inclusions are an important part of spinel identification. Their form, composition and alteration can help gemologists distinguish natural spinel from synthetic material, recognize evidence of treatment, and study the geological environment in which the spinel formed.
Hyperion combines inclusion photomicrography with supporting gemological information so that individual features can be compared with documented examples from known spinel deposits.
About Hyperion
Hyperion is the Lotus Gemology searchable inclusion database. It allows users to browse gemstone inclusions by gem type, geographic origin, treatment and keyword.
